Metallic window frame and sash.



IL G. SMITH.

METALLIC WINDUWFRAMBAND SASH. l

APPLICATION FILED' IAN. 2. 1902.

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No. 7z4,134-. vPA'IIINIIIII MAR. 31, 1903. l

' II. o. SMITH. I

METALLIC WINDOW FRAME AND sAsII.

- APPLIOATION FILED JAN. 2, 1902.

N0 MODEL.

NNNMMMI E.-.

No. 724,134. `'1D. L \TENTED MAR. 31, '1903. H. G. SMITH.'

METALLIC WINDOW FRAME AND SASH.

APPLIUATION FILED JAN. z, 1902. No MODEL. 4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

1H: Norms PETERspp'., Puomvuwo.. wAsHmoTcN, n. c.

No. 724,134. PATENTED MAR. 31,1902` i II. o. SMITH. 1 METALLIC WINDOWFRAME AND SASII.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 2, 1902.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4..

NO MODEL.

UFTEDV STATES PATENT FFTCE.

HENRY COLLIER SMITH, OF CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TOSMITH-WARRENCOMPANY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, A OORPORAi TioN orMASSACHUSETTS;

'Mi-:TALLlC wlNDowi-RAME AND sAsH.

`3P:ECIFIALION' forming part Of I ettes Ifatelt N0. 724,134, datd March31, 190B.

Application led January 2, 1902. Serial No. 88,227. (No model.)

and useful Improvement in Metallic Window Frames and Sashes, of whichthe following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference beinghad to the accompanying drawings,j ro forming a part of thisspecification, in ex.`

plaining its nature.

The invention relates to an improvement in.

metal window frames and sashes, and particularly to means whereby thewindow-sashes l may be combined with the frame to slide' therein and mayalso be so combined with it as to be turned in the frame Without beingdetached from the frame for the purpose ofl rendering both sides of thesash `accessible zo from the same place. I will now describe theinvention inconnection with the drawings forming a part of thisspecification, wherein-- Figure l is a view, part in elevation and partin vertical section, of enough of a window-frame and window-sashes toillustrate the invention. Fig. 2 is a detail View, enlarged,representing a means for locking the sashes together. Fig. 3 is aviewinsection 3o upon the dotted line 33 of Fig. 2. Fig. iis a view inhorizontal section upon the dotted' line 4 4 of Fig. 2 and in plan ofparts below said line. Fig. 5 is a view in horizontal sec`- tion uponthe dotted line 5 5 of Fig. l. Fig. 6 is a view in horizontalsectionupon the d otted line 6 6 of Fig. 1. Fig. 7 is aview inhorizontal section upon the dotted line 7 7 of Fig. l. Fig. 8 is a viewof the parts in Fig 7, 'rep-` resenting them in a different position.Fig. 4o 9 is a view in elevation, representing a form:

of spring-holder to which reference will hereinafter be made. Figs. l0and ll represent a modified construction ot' side extension andtrunnions, Fig. lO being afvertical section on the line l0 10 of Fig.l1.

Referring to the drawings, the upper window-sash A and the lowerWindow-sash B slide in recesses in the sides of the Windowframe C. Theyare in part balanced by weights connected with them by chains, the 5olower sash being enough heavier than its weights to close upon therelease of holdingshoes, to be described, and the upper sash4 beingenough lighter than its weights to be closed by them upon the release ofcorrespending holding-shoes.

Any suitable form of frame may be employedl'which is provided withguiding-recesses of a character to receive the sashes andtheirtrunnions. In Fig. 5 I have repre- 6c sented the frame as havingrecesses c and recesses c for the trunnions. In Figs. l0 and 11 theframeshown has the same provision, the diference beingthat the recessfor the trunnion is as wide as the recess for the sash and in extensionof it.

The sash that I prefer to use has extension sides movable toward andfrom the remainder of the sash into and out of recesses in the frame inwhich they normally are for the 7o usual sliding operation of thewindows. These extensions provide means whereby the sashes may be placedin the window-frame and entirely removed therefrom Without making any.portion ofthe window-frame detachable. The extensions also slide uponthe trunnions.

D represents the extensions, and E the trunnions. 4 The extensions aremovable in relation to the main frame of the sash in any desired WayLandI have shown them in Figs. 5 8o and'9 as movable telescopically withrelation thereto Without having endwise movement, while in Figs. l0 andIl a slight endwise movement is provided them. The first-named end d2 iscontained in thegcavity ofthe, sashframe and is connected with theextension by an adjusting-screw d3, which permits of a variable relationbetween the bar or rod andl the extension. Each extension may have twoor more of them, and each has a latch d* (see Fig. l) to engage thecatch d5 on the sash when the extension has reached the limit of itsoutward movement. By moving them in one direction the extension is movedinward toward the remainder of the sash, and by moving them in the otherdirection the extension is moved into the recess in the frame. In Figs,l0 and l1 the extensions are represented as provided with inclined slotsCF, through which cross-rods d8, attached to the fixed section of thesash-frame, extend. By sliding the extensions lengthwise the fixedsection of the sash they will also be at the same time moved inward oroutward withinclined edgewise movement. It will thus be noted that thesash extensions of Figs. l0 and 11 are moved lengthwise thewindow-sashes as well as toward and from them and that when withdrawn tofree the sashes from the slides they extend below the bottom of thelower sash and above the top of the upper sash. Consequently when it isdesired to reengage the sashes with the slides it is simply necessary tobring them in line with the slides and then move them to the bottom ortop of the frame, as the case may be, when the ends of the extensionscoming into contact with the bottom or top of the frame will be movedoutward automatically into the slideways with a lateral drawing motion,and the engagement of the sashes with the frame will thus take place.The movement of the extension, however, does not cause the movement ofthe trunnions or pivots E. These trunnions extend through holes in theextension, which are slots where the extension has the construction ofFigs. 10 and ll, and are rigidly secured to the fixed part of theWindow-sash, I prefer to the part d of the sash, which forms the recessfor receiving the edge of the glass, and I also prefer that the trunnionbe shaped to straddle this part and be secured thereto by riveting or inany other desired way.

The outer ends of the pivots or trunnions tit the recesses in the framewhich contain them and may be of any desired length, and I prefer thatthe pivots or trunnions carry or support the friction or holding shoesF, which by bearing against the window-frame serve to hold the sashes toany position to which they may be opened as against the tendency of thelower sash to close or of the weight to close the upper sash. The shoehas a flat end of about the width of the trunnion and to t the recess inwhich the trunnion slides. It is mounted upon the end of a rod f,extending into a longitudinal hole in the trunnion or pivot made toreceive it, and itsinner end extends into a slotf' across the pivot ortrunnion. It is frictionally held against the window-frame by thespring-rod f2, contained in the cavity ot' the window-sash, and providedwith the bent end f3, where it is united by fusible solder to thewindow-sash near an opening therein, so that heat from without the sashmay at once reach it. The rod f2 is held in position to obtain a bearingagainst the end of the holding-rod by the clip f3. This clip is held inadjustable position by means of the boltf4, so that the clip, and so therod f2 held thereby, may be moved laterally and its tension upon the endot the holding-rodf varied at will. This result is secured by providingthe clip with a threaded hole, as may be obtained from the txed nutf5,into which screws the boltf4, accessible from without the sash, butwhich by its headed end f, contained in the blockf7, is so held to theside of the sash that the bolt may be turned by suitable means, butprevented from being turned in and out. The result is that the clipmoves back and forth upon the boltf'4, and so produces a lateraladjust-ment of the rod f2, resulting in an increased or diminishedtensional bearing upon the end of the holding-rod f, supporting thefriction bearingshoe.

As may be seen from Fig. 9, the rod f3 has an oifset at the pointfs, sothat the upper section of the rod which bears against the holding-rod isaway from the center of the lower section of the rod attached to thesash and passing through the clip]L74 as a center. Upon a release of therod where itis soldered to the sash atff, as in case of lire, the rodturns sufficiently7 in the clipf4 as a center that its upper sectionswings away from the end of the holding-rod, and the tension resultinglybeing removed from the friction bearing-shoe the window, beingoverbalanced, as before described, automatically closes.

To place the sashes in the window-frame, their extensions are movedinward against the fixed sections, leaving exposed the ends of thetrunnions or pivots and the friction bearing-shoes issuing therefrom andin their engaging position. The sash cords or chains F' are thenattached to the ends of the trun nions, as may be seen by reference tothe drawings. The trunnion or pivot and its friction bearing-shoe on oneside of the sash is then placed in its recess in the frame, the sashturned to a horizontal position and lifted on the said trunnion or pivotas a center until the disengaged trunnion may clear the frame and enterits recess on the other side of the frame, when the sash is turned in ahorizontal position and then turned t-o a vertical position, which willbring its extensions in line with their holding-recesses in the frame.The extensions are then moved outward into them, and the sash'is free tobe moved vertically in the frame. It is to be observed that after thetwo trunnions have entered their recesses and the friction-shoes broughtto bear against the side of the frame the sash will be sustained and itspivoting in being brought from a horizontal to a Vertical positioneasily obtained. The attachment of the sash-chains to the ends of thetrunnions and the method before described IOD IOS

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for increasing the tension upon the friction bearing-shoes are also tobe noted as facilitating this adjustment.

To turn the sash in the frame, it is simply necessary to move inward theextensions. The friction bearing-shoes will remain in their bearingagainst the sides of the frame and the ends of the trunnions to whichare attached the sash-chains left exposed. The sash may then be turnedto expose either surface to the inside of the window without becomingdisengaged 'from the frame and without engaging with the sash-chains orinterfering with the stress of the shoes upon the frame, which preventsthe sash from operating the sash-weights or the sash-weights operatingthe sash while it is thus being manipulated.

It will be understood from the foregoing that the friction bearing-shoesare automatically released by heat and that when so released the sashesautomatically close. They are automatically locked when closed by thelatch G, which is pivoted to the upper-sash frame to engage by gravity ashoulder or catch g upon the lower sash when it has been moved by it.(See Fig. This latch is described in another application of even dateand is not`claimed herein.

The sashes have weather-stops provided in their meeting-rails by meansof the overlapping plate h, secured to the meeting-rail H of the lowersash, and the overlapping plate h', secured to the meeting-rail H' ofthe upper sash. These plates each provide a recess into which theopposing plate may enter, and thus provide an verlapping weather-lock,doing away with any necessity for a wedging of the rails together andthe use of a wedge in connection with the sash-lock, as described in mysaid application. The plate h is united to the plate h2 and themeeting-rail H by extending along its side underneath it, then upwardinto the glass-retaining recess, form; ing one wall 0f it, and thendownward over an upturned flange of the said plate h2. This constructionserves also to stiffen and strengthen the ralH. 'Ihe overlapping plate his formed from extensions of the plates h3 h4 of the meeting-rail H',which are bent outward together, then upward together, one of them beingmade sufficiently long to be bent downward over the edge of the other.

The movable extensions D of the windowsash may be combined with therigid part of the sash-frame in any desired way to be movable toward andfrom it for the purpose of widening it. The form of construction which Iprefer to employ is represented in Figs.l 10

and llfwhere the extension D on one side of the sash-frame isrepresented as made from one piece of sheet metal so bent as to provide,

metal formed to provide the groove d for the glass and the sides (i12clls and the outer faces dm 15 at each side of the recess or slideway inthe window-frame, the sections d10 engaging the movable extension, whichforms the Walls of a space between the sides and which space is of thewidth of the recess or slideway in the window-frame. The sections d10are wide and the recesses df are deep and the space within'thesash-frame beyond the extensions of sulcient depthv to permit theextension D to be moved into the sash without disengaging the parts, the'extension sliding upon the sections d10 and the movement beingsufficient to bring the outer edge ofthe ex# tension in line with theouter faces d (115. The parts of the extension forming the recesses d10are slotted to permit' the movement of the extension with respect to thecross-rods d8, and these slots are inclined where it is desired toeffect the closing or opening of the extension by its own movementlengthwise the Window-sash.' Each extension D also has in its outer facea recess d1 for receiving la part of the trunnion and shoe (see Fig. 11)

and also to provide room for the sash-holding cord or chain whichengages the trunnion.

To increase the frictional surface of the brake-shoe, it may be slightlybeveled, as repi resented in Fig. l1, and the surface of thewindow-frame against whichit bears may be correspondingly shaped. Y

In Figs. 5, 6, 7, and 8 the extension E and the sash-rail are somewhatdifferently constructed, the extension being reinforced upon its sidesby portions of the plate formingit, which are bent backward directly,entering deep recesses in the sash-rail formed by inward and outwardextending parts of the rail, the inward-extending part serving toreinforce the sides of the rail. I do not, however, confine myself toany particular way of attaching the side extensions to the sash-rails,so that they may be moved bodily toward and from the sash-rails.

In use the window-sashes are arranged to close in the ordinary wayand,'if open, in case of ire in their vicinity releasing theirthermostatic holders, close automatically. VThe sash'es are placed intheir window-frames as I have already described.

It is to be observed that the construction is especially advantageous inthe washing or cleaning of the windows, in that the outer surface of thewindow may be cleaned from inside the room, and this Without the removalof any part. This maybe done simply'by moving inward the extensions,when the sash may be revolved to any position of advantage. During thismanipulation the sash is held to the side of the frame by the frictionbearingshoes, upon the holding-rods of'l whichv the trunnions turn for acenter. Where the thermos-tatie release is employed,the,frictionbearing-shoes will still be held to the frame bysufficient friction to hold' the sash, and this by a means which in noway interferes with IOO IIO

the normal bearing of the shoes or the Inanipulation of the sash. Thesashes are restored to their original positions in the window-frame bybeing moved to a vertical position with respect thereto and by movingout the extensions, as before explained.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim and desire to secureby Letters Patent of the United Statesl. A metal window-frame havingsash holding and guiding recesses, a window-sash having side-railextensions vertically and rotatably movable therewith, and laterallymovable with relation thereto, that they may be drawn out into the saidrecesses within the frame to guide the sash during its sliding verticalmovement, and withdrawn from said recesses in order that the sash maypivot, and means for the support of the sash when pivoting.

2. A metal window-frame having sash holding and guiding recesses, awindow-sash having side-rail extensions vertically and rotatably movabletherewith, and laterally movable with relation thereto, that they may bedrawn out into the said recesses within the frame to guide the sashduring its sliding vertical movement, and be withdrawn to permit of thesash pivoting, means for the support of the sash when pivoting, andmeans for the adjustment otv the sash when sliding, substantially asdescribed.

3. A metal window-frame having sash holding and guiding recesses, awindow-sash having side-rail extensions vertically and rotatably movabletherewith, and laterally movable with relation thereto, that they may bedrawn out into the said recesses of the frame to guide the sash duringits sliding movement, and be withdrawn to permit of the sash pivotingcrosswise the frame, trunnions attached to, and extending from the sashinto said recesses, window-weights out of balance with the sashconnected with the said trunnions, and means for frictionally holdingthe trunnions to the window-frame substantially as described.

4. Ametal window-frame having sash holdingand guiding recesses, awindow-sash, tru nnions extending from the sash into said recesses,side-rail extensions movable into and from said recesses, window-weightsout of balance with the sash, devices frictionally connecting thetrunnions with the windowframe, and means actuated by heat for releasingsaid frict-ional devices.

5. A metal window-frame having sash holding and guiding recesses,awindow-sash, trunnions extending from the sash into said recesses,window-weights connected therewith, side-rail extensions movable intoand from said recesses having recesses upon their faces for holding thetrunnions and weight connections.

6. A metalwindow-frame having sash holding and guiding recesses, aWindow-sash having side-rail extensions vertically and rotatably movabletherewith, and laterally movable with relation thereto, that they may bedrawn out into the said recesses within the frame to guide the sashduring its sliding movement and withdrawn to permit of its pivotingcrosswise the frame, trunnions extending from the sash into the saidrecesses, means for holding said trunnions, means for obtaining amovable support for said trunnions along the sides of the frame, andmeans for moving said side-rail extensions as aforesaid Without Inovingthe trunnions.

7. `A metal window-frame having sash holding and guiding recesses, awindow-sash, trunnions extending from the sash into said recesses,side-rail extensions movable into and from said recesses, means formoving said extensions from said recesses, and means for locking saidextensions to the windowsash when in said recesses. l

8. A metal window-frame having sash holding and guiding recesses, anupper and lower window-sash, trunnions upon each extending into saidrecesses, Weights out of balance with said sashes, the lower sash beingheavier than its weights and the upper sash lighter than its weights,side-rail extensions upon each sash movable into and from said recesses,frictional devices carried by the trunnions to bear against the windowsashes and hold them against a tendency to close, and means actuated byheat for releasing said frictional devices, thus permitting the lowersash to overbalance its weights and the weights of the upper sash toclose it.

9. A metal window-frame having a sash holding and guidingrecess, anupper windowsash and lower window-sash,the meeting-rails of which have aweather-stop concealed between the meeting-rails of the sashes andconsisting of the weather stop extending from and forming arecess alongthe outer side of the upper rail of the lower sash and the tongueextending up through and alongside the inner side of the lower rail tothe upper sash and adapted to enter said recess substantially asdescribed.

l0. A metal windowframe having sash holding and guiding recesses, awindow-sash, trunnions having fixed relation to and extending from thesash into said recesses, shoes carried by said trunnions to bear againstthe window-frame and movable thereon, and a yielding shoe-holder.

ll. A metal window frame having sash holding and guiding recesses, awindow-sash, trunnions extending from the sash into said recesses, shoescarried by said trunnions to bear against the window-frame and movablethereon, a yieldingshoe-holder and means for releasing the holderactuated by heat.

12. A metal windowframe having sash holding and guiding recesses, awindow-sash, trunnions extending from the sash into said recesses, shoescarried by said trunnions to bear against the window-frame and movablethereon, a yielding shoe-holder, and means for adjusting the holder.

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13. A metal window frame having sash holding and guiding recesses, awindow-sash made of sheet metal shaped to form a glassreceiving recess,trunnions fastened at their` inner ends to the sash at each side of saidrecesses, to strengthen the sash at said point, and extending throughmovable sides of said sash into the recesses, the said window-fram e,and said movable sides.

14. A metal window frame having sash holding and guiding recesses, awindow-sash shaped from sheet metal t-o provide a glassholding recess,side faces d, (115, and inwardextending sections df, d10, side-railextensions formed from sheet metal and having deepV recesses formed bysections thereof which overlap the sections d10, apertures in saidextensions, trunnions fastened to the sash and extending through saidapertures into the window-frame recesses, and means combining theextensions with the sash whereby longitudinal movements of theextensions will cause them to be at the same time moved inward oroutward from the sash-frame.

15. A metal window frame having sash holding and guiding recesses, awindow-sash, trunnions extending from the sash into said recesses havingat their outer ends means for receiving window-weight connections andalso having a longitudinal hole opening into a vertical slot, africtional shoe carried bysaid trunnion having a shank to extend throughthe hole therein to said slot and a yielding holder extending throughsaid slot tobear against the said shank.

16. A metal windowframe having sash holding and guiding recesses, awindow-sash, trunnions extending from the sash into said recessesnarrower than said recesses, means for steadying said trunnions withinsaid recesses, and side-rail extensions wider than said trunnionsmovable into and from said recesses.

17. The combination of a metal windowframe having sash holding andguiding recesses, a window-sash, trunnions extending from the sash intosaid recesses and having a fixed relation to the sash, window-weightsattached to the trunnions within said recesses, sliding frictionaldevices carried by the trunnions and frictionally combining them withthe window-frame, means actuated by heat for automatically releasingsaid frictional devices from contact with the walls of the recesses, andmovable bearings connecting the window-sash with the window-frame.

18. A metal window frame having sash holding and guidingrecesses, awindow-sash having side-rail extensions vertically and rotatably movabletherewith, and laterally movable with relation thereto, that'they may bedrawn out into the said recesses within the frame, to support the sashduring its sliding vertical movement, and withdrawn from said recessesto permit of its pivoting, trunnions having a xed relation to the sashand extending from said sash into said recesses, windowweights attachedto the trunnions for supporting the same, sliding frictional devicescarried by the trunnions and frictionally combining them with thewindow-frame, substantially as described.

19. A window-sash having an adjustable side rail, the same consisting ofa fixed section permanently secured to the top and bottom rails of thesash, a movable section fitting into said permanent section andhorizontally movable with relation thereto, so increasing or diminishingthe Width of the sash,

and means whereby the movable section may be moved out with lateraldrawing motion, substantially as described.

20. A sheet-metal window-sash having an adjustable side rail, the sameconsisting of a fixed section permanently secured to the top and bottomrails of the sash and being so formed as to provide a relatively deeprecess along its outer edge, a movable section fitting into the recessaforesaid and forming with the permanent section a telescopic joint,permitting of the movable section being moved in and out withoutdisengagement,

cross-rods for the retention of said movable

